Download the article in pdf format
Publication date: 01.07.2022
DOI: 10.51871/2782-6570_2022_01_02_8
UDC 796.015.6(145)
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRENGTH LOADS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEED COMPONENTS OF STUDENTS
T.R. Zubareva, E.B. Dokuchaeva
Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, Russia
Annotation. The article discusses the use of speed-strength exercises in an increased volume performed during physical education classes in combination with general physical training loads. The effectiveness of the impact of speed-strength exercises is compared with the results of the traditional form of physical education classes with first-year students of the Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University.
Keywords: students, physical culture, speed, speed-strength exercises.
Introduction. The multilateral formation of physical qualities is of great importance for a person. The extensive probability of their change to various motor activities makes it possible to apply them in many spheres of human activity in various workflows [1].
The purpose of physical education at the university is to optimize the physical development of students, to comprehensively improve physical, moral and mental qualities [2].
Students are the future employable population. And the health status of the population in the country is considered as the greatest value, as a starting condition for a full-fledged activity and a happy life of people [3]. A high degree of development of physical qualities can be achieved at the basis of good health and appropriate formation processes of functional systems of the body.
The aim of the study: to conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of speed-strength loads for students during physical education classes.
Methods and organization. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature; comparative parallel pedagogical experiment; control tests; math-and-stats data processing: Student's t-test, standard error of mean.
To solve the set tasks, a six-month pedagogical experiment was conducted from October to May, the academic year of 2021-2022.
The study was organized at the Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University.
Groups of first-year students were formed as test subjects. The groups consist of 54 girls, one is control (27 people), the other is experimental (27 people).
The control group was engaged in a traditional “Physical education” program, where the predominant direction was focused on calisthenic training.
The experimental group included a wide variety of general physical training (GPT) exercises.
The GPT set included the following: standing long jumps, jumps in place and over obstacles, wall runs, 20-25 m acceleration, starts from various positions, 30-60 meter run, jumping squats, squats, special running exercises [4]. Outdoor games: "To your places", "Calling by numbers", "Empty space", "Relay races", "Game of tag", etc. The training load was aimed at developing speed and strength fitness by increasing the amount of jumping and speed-based exercises, we also used outdoor games and relay races with running, jumping and swimming.
After the initial testing in September, students studied according to their programs until May 2022.
We have chosen specially selected tests as the main method of diagnosing the speed and strength ability of female students at the current moment: standing long jump; 30 m run; 60 m run; 4x9 m shuttle run.
Results and discussion. At the end of September 2021, the first physical fitness test was
conducted with first-year students, thanks to which the initial level of these indicators was identified at the beginning of the experiment. The results are presented in table 1.
Table 1
Indicators of physical fitness of female students (control and experimental groups) at the beginning of the experiment, M±σ
|
Control standards |
30 meter run (s) |
60 meter run (s) |
4х9 m shuttle run (s) |
Standing long jump (cm) |
|
Control group |
5.39±0.4 |
8.9±0.5 |
9.94±0.8 |
175.28±21 |
|
Experimental group |
5.40±0.3 |
8.8±0.4 |
9.9±0.8 |
170.38±20 |
Having revealed that the data from the both groups are homogeneous, we introduced exercises into the educational process aimed at developing speed and strength training. At the end of the experiment, the physical fitness of the first-year students was reevaluated.
Let's look at how speed-strength exercises implemented in the educational process interact. Based on the indicators of control tests, we calculated the reliability between two independent results according to the Student's t-test. The results obtained are reliable, which indicates the effectiveness of speed-strength exercises (table 2).
Table 2
Indicators of physical fitness of female students (control and experimental groups) before and after the experiment,, M±σ
|
Indicator name |
30 meter run (s) |
60 meter run (s) |
4х9 m shuttle run (s) |
Standing long jump (cm) |
|
Before |
5.40±0.3 |
8.8±0.4 |
9.9±0.8 |
170.38±20 |
|
After |
5.26±0.4 |
8.5±0.3 |
9.71±0.7 |
182±22 |
|
p< |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
Conclusion. The use of the traditional program gives a certain positive effect. But in the experimental group, the positive shift in results is more significant. Speed-strength exercises have a positive effect not only on explosive strength and speed-strength training, but also on motor dexterity demonstrated in the shuttle run.
REFERENCES:
- Matveev L.P. Theory and methods of physical culture: a textbook. Publishing house Sport, 2021. 520 p. (in Russ.)
- Kholodov Zh.K., Kuznetsov V.S. Theory and methodology of physical education and sports. Moscow: "Akademia", 2014. 480 p. (in Russ)
- Ignat’eva E.P. Lebedinskij V.Yu. Methodology for the development of speed abilities in students of the functional health group. Bulletin of ISTU, 2014, no. 9 (92), pp. 8-12. (in Russ.)
- Morozov O.V. Track-and-field: technique and methods of training. Moscow: Publishing House: FLINTA, 2020. 120 p. (in Russ.)
INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS:
Tat’yana Rodionovna Zubareva – Senior Lecturer, Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Elena Borisovna Dokuchaeva – Senior Lecturer, Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
For citation: Zubareva T.R., Dokuchaeva E.B. The effectiveness of strength loads in physical education classes on the development of speed components in students. Russian Journal of Sports Science: Medicine, Physiology, Training, 2022, vol. 1, no. 2. DOI: 10.51871/2782-6570_2022_01_02_8